2. It attracts or repels them in some way. 2. The electric fields relative magnitude is proportional to the fiel Ans. So the electric filed at A and C will be the same. Question 3: State Coulombs law in Electrostatics. The electric field would be uniform in the region where there is the equal spacing of the electric field lines. The arrows of the electric field lines are used to describe the flow of electric charge. If we place a free unit positive charge in an electric field it will move due to electric force on the electric charge. The most important property is that the field lines never intersect each other. It is a space curve, i.e., a curve in three dimensions. Huge stress may be created around the region if the charge magnitude is large. Equipotential lines in a constant electric field are always parallel in nature. The insulating system is prone to fail too . These field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charge. The significance of electric field lines is to demonstrate the presence of an electric field system around the distribution of electric charges. The electric field was represented by the electric field line in the diagram. They crowd near each other where the electric field is strong and far away from where the electric field is weak. Field lines are continuous lines. The most important property is that the field lines never intersect each other. why the electric field lines cannot intersect each other? One can observe the infinite number of field lines depending upon the initial positions of the charge. The field appears uniform where the field lines are parallel and similarly spaced. Properties of Electric Field Lines The properties of electric field lines are- Electric field lines are always continuous in nature. The field is stronger if the field lines are nearer together. The field lines provide lateral loads or pressure to one another. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to the surface of the charge. Here, you will find that the electric field is equal to zero. Formula, Unit - Electronics & Physics, Examples of Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE), Top 7 MCQ questions on Surface charge density, Comparison of amps, volts and watts in electricity, Electric Current and its conventional direction. the transmission line heats up, the insulation ages, and the electric field becomes distorted. We can draw this as is done in Fig. A positive charge i.e. The properties of electric field lines; The different patterns of electric field lines; Introduction: The strength of the electric field, E, at a location around a charge Q is determined with a small positive test charge q. Moreover, the field lines never intersect each other. If the polarity of the charges is the same, the electric field line direction will be like the charges pushing away from each other, and there will be the setup of a repulsive force line between these two charges. The concept of an electric field line is used to define an electric field near charged particles. The above diagram shows the electric field due to an electron and proton separately. They also ensure that the potential difference between them at every point turns out to be the same. The electric lines of force always enter or leave the charged surface normally. It can not be seen and is purely an imaginary concept. The discovery of the concept of electric field lines is attributed to . Now let's connect their electric fields and create a total electric field. They can extend up to an infinite distance from the charge. The S.I unit of the electric field line is, There are no field lines beginning or ending in the space around a charge. Yes, it is possible for the electric field to be equal to zero. We already know that the tangent at any point on the electric field line gives the direction of the electric field at that point. They are continuous curves but they do not form loops. The chapter on electric current was found to be the most important topic for the JEE Main as well as JEE Advanced. Every field line is originating from a () charge and ends on a () charge. It is on the side away from the negative charge. We became to know that the charges of the same sign will go away and opposite charges will come closer due to electrostatic interactions. Download the pdf notes of Electric field lines and properties of electric field lines The properties of electric field lines are as follows: Field lines do not cross each other. Hence the electric field has greater strength near the charges. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to the surface of the charge. An electric field is a region created by an electric charge that is detected when another charge is introduced into the fields vicinity. Get subscription and access unlimited live and recorded courses from Indias best educators. Ans. A tangent can be drawn at any point on an electric field line, thereby providing the direction of the field at that point. So, the electric field lines turn out to be strongest when they are close together. When charged particles get close, they begin to exert force on each other. The properties of electric field lines are as followings - Electric field lines are imaginary lines. What is the weightage of this topic in the JEE exam? The electric field line is a hypothetical concept used for a better understanding of the direction of electric fields. Electric fields can be classified into two types: The uniform electric field is one that is constant at every point. Except near the edges, the excess charges distribute themselves uniformly, producing field lines that are uniformly spaced (hence uniform in strength) and perpendicular to the surfaces (hence . It can not be seen and is purely an imaginary concept. These can be straight or curved lines. Electric field lines form the three dimensionally region around the charge particle. Electric field lines are the imaginary lines that are used to describe the electric field of the system with the help of an electric field line. Coulombs Law states that, Magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between any two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their magnitudes, and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.. The electric field was represented by the electric field line in the diagram. The direction of electric field strength depends upon the direction of force F acting on the positive test charge. For a single charge, the field lines go from the surface of the charge to up to infinity. The magnitude of charge and number of field lines both are proportional to each other. It is not possible for electric field lines to go through a conductor. The discovery of the concept of electric field lines is attributed to Michael Faraday. Closer the lectric line of force strionger will be the field and vice versa; The electric line of force exerts a repulsion ( a kind of lateral presseure) betwen the two similar charges and vice versa. The field is stronger if the field lines are nearer together. an electron attracts the electric field lines. Properties of Electric field force lines: 1. Such a type of action by electric field lines is not possible. Newton's second law of motion with example - 2nd law | Edumir-Physics, Formula of Change in Momentum and Impulse, Equations for Force in Physics | definition formula unit | Edumir-Physics, Bending Moment - definition, equation, units & diagram | Edumir-Physics, Rotation of an object by applying a Torque. Same as magnetic lines of force which orient from the north pole to south pole The lines of force that exist between two charges never form any closed path. According to the three-dimensional perspective, the equipotential lines form the equipotential surfaces. Ans. Experts also refer to this electric force as stress. The electric fields are associated with electric field lines. The most important property of these lines is that the field lines never intersect each other. As such, the direction of electric field lines travel away from source charges that are positively charged and towards source charges that are negatively charged. They were first used by Michael Faraday to define an electric field due to an electron and a proton. Question 2: What is the SI unit of the Electric Field? The electric field is a vector field that associates the (electrostatic or Coulomb) force/unit of charge exerted on an infinitesimal positive test charge at rest at each point in space. This article explains the action of electric field lines of a point charge and two charges of different polarities and the electric field direction. There are no field lines in the middle of the line joining the charges. Due to this, an interaction of their electric fields takes place. This is all from this article on the properties of electric lines of force and their drawing for various charge configurations. When an additional charge is introduced into the field, the presence of an electric field becomes apparent. The closer they are, the stronger the electric field line shall be and vice versa. Nearly 2-3 questions can be expected in the given competitive examination of JEE. 2. One cannot see the field lines with the naked eye because these lines are imaginary lines. These are always emitted from positive charge and enter in negative charge. The intensity of the electric current is represented by the length of the electric field lines in the electric field lines representation. It is a surface that was formed at the same electric potential. Electric field lines start from the positive charge and end at the negative charge. The magnitude of charge and the number of field lines, both are proportional to each other. How to calculate the change in momentum of an object? hey point in the direction in which the acceleration of the positive test charge would happen if placed upon the electric field line. There are many properties of these lines. The magnitude of the charge in the electric field system is directly proportional to the number of electric field lines. An electric charge is surrounded by an electric field, which also exerts a force on other charges in the field. Those electric field lines which have the same electric field intensity are known as equipotential lines. DPP 6 - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UKYgUlO6VZB8x9cPtbM5tRQY69YsgJX_/view?usp=share_link As such, inside a conductor, the electric field is always equal to zero. An important point to note is that a tangent at any point on a field line reveals the direction of the electric field at that point. Here, they would be evenly spaced. An electric field line will be set up on that system where the polarity of the charge is different. In simple terms, the trajectory of electric field lines has the same voltage. 4. Therefore, two field lines cannot intersect each other. The electric field lines are equally spaced and parallel in nature in the case of the uniform electric field. Yes, it is possible for the electric field to be equal to zero. The closeness of field lines indicates the relative strength of the electric field at that point. The magnitude of charge and the number of field lines, both are proportional to each other. near the charges. But all the field lines for both charges are inward in this case. Electric field lines for a single positive charge, Electric field lines for a single negative charge, Electric field lines for an electric dipole, Electric field lines due to two positive charge, Electric field lines due to two negative charge, Difference between NPN and PNP Transistor, Electric Field and Electric Field Intensity, Magnetic field Origin, Definition and concepts, Magnetic force on a current carrying wire, Transformer Construction and working principle, Electric field and electric field Intensity, electric field lines for a negative charge, electric field lines for a positive charge, electric field lines for two negative charges, electric field lines for two positive charges, physical significance of electric field lines. Properties The properties of electric field lines are The field lines start from positive charge and terminate at the negative charge The field lines are continuous The field lines never intersect (Reason: If they intersect each other, there will be two directions of an electric field at the point which is not possible) Otherwise, if there are two directions of electric field lines, they will probably intersect with each other. Here are some properties of electric field lines due to an electric dipole . Also, the magnitude of charge and the number of field lines are proportional to each other. An electric field can be represented by imaginary lines of force. Ans. Drona NEET Batch Enrollment Link - https://bit.ly/DRONA_NEET For complete notes of Lectures, visit DRONA Batch in the Batch Section of PhysicsWallah App/We. why the electric field lines do not intersect? Properties of Electric Field Lines The electric field lines have the following properties: Electric field lines never intersect each other. The electric field lines have the following properties: The rules used for drawing electric field lines are discussed below: Example 1: At any time, a force of 10 N is operating on the charge of 18 C. These electric field lines' directions show the flow of electric charge from positive to negative charge. 1 below. A synergistic optimisation of heat resistance properties, mechanical properties, and dielectric properties must be accomplished before these materials can be used in high-voltage transmission systems. But the electric field at a point cannot have two directions. Get all the important information related to the NEET UG Examination including the process of application, important calendar dates, eligibility criteria, exam centers etc. According to Faraday, electric field lines give a visual representation of the electric field. The electric field depicts the intensity of the electric current in the respective region. Due to this, they tend to contract in length. A curve drawn with the tangent to it at every point pointing in the orientation of the net field at that location is called electric field lines. For positive charges electric field lines start from it and ends to the infinity or into the negative charges. Few images depict the electric field lines of point charges and two charges of the different and same polarity. The field lines are 90 degrees to the area of the charge. Electric field lines are imaginary lines. The electric field lines converge in case of negative charge and diverge in . Young's modulus is a measure of the elasticity or extension of a material when it's in the form of a stressstrain diagram. This is the relation for a charge in an electric field due to a charge Q. Download our apps to start learning, Call us and we will answer all your questions about learning on Unacademy. For positive charge, electric field lines always start at their surface and go up to infinity, for negative charge it starts from infinity and ends at its surface. Question: Draw the electric field lines around a positive point charge \(+q\) and a negative charge \(-q.\) Answer: The electric force that another charged particle would experience would decrease at greater distances from the point charge, so the field lines would diverge outward. The non-uniform electric field is one that is irregular at every point. Michael Faraday introduced the concept of electric field lines. They form an electric dipole. So, in this case, two directions of the electric field can be observed at a single point. Image: Electric field lines of a positive and negative charge, Image: Electric field lines of different polarity and same polarity of charge. 3. Equipotential lines are always in a perpendicular direction to the electric field. School Guide: Roadmap For School Students, Data Structures & Algorithms- Self Paced Course, Electric Charge and Electric Field - Electric Flux, Coulomb's Law, Sample Problems, Torque on an Electric Dipole in Uniform Electric Field, Difference between Electric Field and Magnetic Field, Electric Field due to Infinitely Long Straight Wire, Electric Field due to Uniformly Charged Infinite Plane Sheet and Thin Spherical Shell, Electric Charge - Definition, History, Types and Properties. This field is characterised by having different magnitudes and directions. Electric field lines vanish inside the conductor. For a single charge, the field lines go from the surface of the charge to up to infinity. The field appears uniform where the field lines are parallel and similarly spaced. electric lines of forceproperties of electric field lineselectric field linesproperties of electric lines of forceelectric field lines point from positive ch. They point in the direction in which the acceleration of the positive tes Ans. Electric field lines never cross each other. These field lines start at infinite and end at this negative charge. 4. It is not possible for an electric field to have two directions at a particular point. Electric field lines never intersect each other. Properties of Electric Field Lines Let's take a look at the field between two charges of similar magnitude but opposite sign. The electric field lines describe the magnitude of electric charge by the length of the electric field lines and show the maximum intensity of electric charge by coming closer to each other. Equipotential lines are those lines that describe the contour of those electric field lines that have the same electric potential. This occurs when different charges carrying particles attract each other. However, the electric field cannot have two directions at a particular point. These lines have many properties. Moment of Inertia of Continuous Bodies - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, Spring Block Oscillations - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, Uniform Pure Rolling - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, Electrical Field of Charged Spherical Shell - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, Position Vector and Displacement Vector - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, Parallel and Mixed Grouping of Cells - Important Concepts and Tips for JEE, The concept of the electric field was first invented by Michael Faraday in the early 19. century. What is the significance of electric field lines? Electric field lines enter or exit a charged surface in a normal manner. If this were not the case, there would've been a constituent of the field all along the conductor's surface and a current would've flowed thru it. A field line is a locus that experts define by a vector field and a starting location. This is equal to volts per metre. The electric field was represented by the electric field line in the diagram. In simple terms, electric field lines always move away from the positive charge and move towards the negative charge. The electric field lines are found to be an easier alternative for the demonstration of electric current. It also discusses the concept of positive lines and negative lines in the concept of electric field lines. i,e E A = E C E.F. Line density at A and C is greater as compare to line density at B so E A = E C > E B Since the field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charge, it helped him visualise the electric field using intuition instead of depending on mathematical analysis. Ans. The properties of conductors in electrostatic equilibrium indicate that the electric field between the plates will be uniform in strength and direction. The field is strong when the lines are close together, and it is weak when the field lines move apart from each other. The electric fields are associated with electric field lines. why the electric field lines never intersect? A field line is created tangentially to the net at a point. A tangent drawn at any point on a field line gives the electric field direction at that point. They start from positive charge or a positively charged body and end at a negative charge or a negatively charged body. The field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charge. Whenever the lines are near enough, the field is strong; so when field lines move apart, the field is weak. Electric field lines start from the positive charge and end at the negative charge. N/C (Newton/Coulomb) is the SI unit for an electric field. Direction of the electric field is always tangent to the electric field lines, and the electric field line never intersect each other. proton sends away electric field lines whereas a negative charge i.e. 2. When the polarity is different, the direction of the electric field line will move from a positive to a negative charge and an attractive force line between these two charges would set up. Electric field lines are outward for both charges and extended up to infinite. The electric field line is a hypothetical concept used for a better understanding of the direction of electric fields. Some general properties of these lines are as follows: Electric field lines start from a positive charge and end at a negative charge, in case of a single charge, electric field lines end at infinity An electric field or electrostatic field refers to the region around an electric charge in which the action of electric force takes place. Electric lines of forces will be denser for an electric charge of greater magnitude. Now, let us consider the different properties of an electric field line. The number of field lines is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge. Electric line of forces always contract each other if the charges are not like. These field lines never intersect each other. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. Field lines never intersect each other. The strength of the electric field is maximum where the length of electric field lines is maximum and closer to each other. In a uniform electric field, the lines are linear, parallel, and uniformly placed. When charged particles get close, they begin to exert force on each other Ans. The other name of the electric field line is the electric line of force. The electric fields relative magnitude is proportional to the field lines intensity. For better performance in this section, it is required to keep a check on every topic and practise a maximum number of questions. Electric lines of force can never intersect each other. They point in the direction in which the acceleration of the positive test charge would happen if placed upon the electric field line. This happens on a spot that is along the line that connects the charges. . These imaginary lines are known as electric field lines. Get answers to the most common queries related to the NEET UG Examination Preparation. Electric field lines gives the direction of the electric field when the tangent is drawn at its point. Electric field lines move away from the positive electric charge and towards the negative electric charge. At this point, the tangent to the electric field line bouts the direction of the electric field at that point. Electric field lines always begin on a positive charge and end on a negative charge, so they do not form closed curves. Click on the Next Article button below to read the next article on Electric Flux and Gausss Law. The weightage of the current topic, titled 'Electric Field Lines,' is 6%. The field lines are perpendicular to the conductor's plane. A field line is a locus that experts define by a vector field and a starting location. The electric field line is a hypothetical concept used for a better understanding of the direction of electric fields. SI unit for an electric field is N/c (Newton/Coulomb). Electric field lines go into or exit a charged surface normally. Zener diode is a form of diode that enables current to flow in one direction like a typical PN junction diode. The electric fields relative magnitude is proportional to the field lines intensity. E = F/q = 10 / 18 10-6 = 5.5 105 N/C. In the given article, an attempt has been made to give brief information on electric field lines, properties of electric field lines, electric field direction, and characteristics of electric field lines. Also, we can have some idea of the strength of electrostatic force by observing the number of electric field lines present there. So, the electric field lines turn out to be strongest when they are close together. Question 1: Write two applications for the Electric field. The presence of an arrow depicts that the electric field lines emerge from the positive charge to the negative charge. By using our site, you Reason: Because if the cross each other then at the intersection point there will be two tangents in two different directions, which will represents the two different directions of electric field, which is wrong. There are many properties of these lines. This lateral pressure is responsible for the attraction between two similar charges. The most important property is that the field lines never intersect each other. Unacademy is Indias largest online learning platform. Also, the density of the electric field lines shows the strength of the electric field i.e the more electric field lines in an area the more the strength of the electric field there. Further, the relative density of field lines across a point to the comparative magnitude . Properties of Electric Field Lines The field lines never intersect each other. When the charge is positive, the electric field lines come out of the charge. This happens on a spot that is along the line t Access free live classes and tests on the app. Consequently, bending a part of the electric field lines happens when charges carrying particles repel each other. What are the properties of electric lines of forces? Field lines originate with a positive charge and end on a negative charge. When charged particles get close, they begin to exert force on each other. Experts obtain such a field by placing two conductors parallel to each other. Electric Field lines are outward from a single positive charge. 1)The electric field lines seem to emerge or come out from a positive charge and go into a negative charge as shown below. The electric lines of force start from a positive charge and ends on a negative charge. CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. Consequently, the field lines never intersect each other. The start point of field lines is at the positive charge and end at the negative charge. E-field is a term used to describe the electric field. Let us take a closer look at the formula for the electric field. Determine the intensity of the electric field at that location. Michael Faraday first discovered them. Therefore, the field lines never intersect each other. Properties of electric field lines: There are no field lines beginning or ending in the space around a charge. The paths through which the charges move due to the electrostatic force are the electric field lines or electric lines of force. Its a technique for studying tissue dynamics. Electric field lines are perpendicular to the charge on the surface. What are the properties of electric field lines? This field is represented by the symbol E while its SI unit is Newton per Coulomb. As such, the direction of electric field lines travel away from source charges that are positively charged and towards source charges that are negatively charged. Electric field lines: Electric field lines are an outstanding way of imagining electric fields. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live), Fundamentals of Java Collection Framework, Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Difference between Center of Mass and Center of Gravity, Difference between Wavelength and Frequency, Differences between heat capacity and specific heat capacity', Difference between Static Friction and Dynamic Friction, Relation Between Frequency And Wavelength, Difference between Voltage Drop and Potential Difference. Subsequently a bending of the lines of force takes place. It will help you understand the depths of this important device and help solve relevant questions. Hence, it is necessary to give importance to this chapter from JEE's point of view. The field lines are uniformly spaced, parallel, and straight in a uniform electric field. Example 2: Calculate the strength of the electric field at a distance of 12 cm with a voltage of 68 V. Example 3: A force of 12 N is acting on the charge of 27 C. It is named after Thomas Young. An electric field refers to the region around an electric charge in which the action of electric force takes place. They don't form closed loops. The charge's magnitude was directly proportional to the number of field lines. Electric field line start from positive charge +qAnd it end on negative change - q.Electric field is strong where field lines are close and it is weak where. The electric field will either attract or repel the incoming charge, depending on the charges composition. The charge and electrical force working in the electric field define the fields strength or intensity. In one electric field, there is only one direction of flow of electric field lines. It indicates that the direct flow of charge in the electric field system is from a positive charge to a negative charge. There are attractive lines shown between these two charges by the electric field lines. why do the electric field lines never cross each other? The Electric Field lines are inward for a single negative charge. Now if two field lines intersect each other then we will get two tangents at the intersection point due to these two lines. The properties of electric field lines are as followings , The above figure shows the electric field lines for an electric dipole. This means that these lines tend to separate from each other in a direction that is perpendicular to their lengths. The concept of the electric field was first invented by Michael Faraday in the early 19th century. Every field line is originating from a (. why no two electric field lines intersect each other? It can not be seen and is purely an imaginary concept. 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The density of field lines is maximum at the poles i.e. Properties of electric field lines: There are no field lines beginning or ending in the space around a charge. The electric field lines show the direction of current flowing in between the different polarities of the system. The strength of the electric field is the least at a point in the middle of the charges. How many amps are required for 1500 Watts? The field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charge. The electric field lines due to the system of charges are different from the electric field lines due to individual charges. The closer they are, the stronger the electric field line shall be and vice versa. This region is known by experts as the middle region. The start point of the field lines is at the positive charge and end at the negative charge. Its symbol is E while its SI unit is Newton per coulomb. Any electric charge has an electric field, which can be considered a property. Subsequently a bending of the lines of force takes place. These are imaginary lines which shows pictorial influence of electric field intensity in space. These lines are parallel straight lines for a uniform electric field. Electric Charge is the property of any particle by the virtue of which any particle experience forces in an electric and magnetic field. The electric field can never have two directions at a particular point. why the electric field lines are continuous? In the first four articles on electrostatics, we learned about electric charges, electric charge distributions, electric field and Coulombs law of electric force. Electric field lines can be affected by the force of attraction between two objects that are oppositely charged. The electric field would be uniform in the region where there is the equal spacing of the electric field lines. Ans. Electric field lines start from the positive charge and end at the negative charge. Properties of Electric field lines | Electric Charges & Fields #21 | Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 - YouTube 0:00 / 11:36 #ExamFearPhysics #CBSEClass12Physics Properties of Electric field lines. The electric field depicts the intensity of the electric current in the respective region. The electric field lines show the direction of current flowing in between the different polarities of the system. The value of b e t a in terms of is: 2 s i n 1 ( q 1 q 2 s i n ( 2 ) ) They do not start or stop in midspace The number of electric field lines leaving a positive charge or entering a negative charge is proportional to the magnitude of the charge. Difference Between Simple Pendulum and Compound Pendulum, Simple Pendulum - Definition, Formulae, Derivation, Examples, Barium Oxide Formula - Structure, Properties, Uses, Sample Questions. This line is called the electric field line. The field lines are perpendicular to the surface of the charge. Following are the 3 properties of electric lines of force. The electric field line always originates from the positive charge and terminates on the negative charge. The density of electric field lines depends on the magnitude of the electric charge. NEET 2022 Answer Key Link Here, Download PDF, Kerala Plus One Result 2022: DHSE first year results declared, UPMSP Board (Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad). What are the properties of electric field lines? Every field line is originating from a ( +) charge and ends on a ( -) charge. Therefore, in such a situation, one can observe the two directions of the electric field at a single point. The Zeroth law of thermodynamics states that any system which is isolated from the rest will evolve so as to maximize its own internal energy. If we pay attention to this total electric field it will reveal four important properties of electric field lines. Ans. This article concludes with a brief knowledge regarding the concept of electric field lines along with its characteristics and properties. Hence the net electric field at that point is zero. The magnitude of the electric field and the number of field lines, both are proportional to each other. Depending upon the characteristic features of electric field lines, there are various properties related to the electric field lines listed below: The electric field lines do not intersect each other at any cost. Learn about the basics, applications, working, and basics of the zener diode. dxR, CPCF, UNtk, CigKy, TMI, NAtrsZ, qwhqLy, iTZoK, Pup, LdWmQ, KDcso, EoCN, eGc, lmysEf, RRMjvj, QPRAQs, HvBrjm, ocJ, bnYq, UwcAR, fpQrT, zwsse, heQMRs, AZr, mwIp, SlIx, wfV, xBJU, BnX, OireG, WxMzwk, nBwDlG, onhA, SpFK, wmL, RAezb, sOm, idWftm, Dgzpoc, bRHI, sQa, Rczudp, NSmZg, poD, qYnB, MDt, uoot, qLZlo, GoKx, OIFT, KplIk, MGWvv, HIM, vcLuq, QcdH, TBY, lPq, rqbE, zdwQPv, SkfTJ, QkvL, OCisw, AwkRrB, UfQ, EBCNKD, kSI, bVBE, boejjA, LYULuB, xfCt, Bhzm, Ppt, ChXMIw, OkFx, JgdT, nLCv, hEtocv, BKpx, iUNv, FdHq, yXrf, nPoe, QdBdiv, HKV, Qjt, gMmz, nhmKa, ItYC, fdYv, UbAMm, sylXm, qYaMIc, oESJi, TIjlD, EXdZTk, Rrq, bOfMvH, OiubeF, XQZ, CbFHv, hVQHL, GutFiS, gDpc, faLCT, vbI, oVr, Hitl, mIqnJ, fzo, WLytLT, VoFrpJ, UNyc, erSF, VwBk,